Continental drift is true and still at work. According to continental plates theory large chunk of land and ocean floor masses moves toward each other or falling apart. Consequences are earthquakes and upward movement of magma to earth surface. Atlantic ocean floor is spreading deep under Iceland.
Geography tells us that Iceland is close to arctic circle and cold weather and glaciers predominate the island. At the same time hot and gaseous magma coming to surface in Iceland. Recently a new activity in an old volcano has released a large amount of ashes and gases to atmosphere. That,s why Iceland is called land of ice and fire.
Steam and smoke rise over a 1-km-long fissure in a lava field north of the Vatnajokull glacier, which covers part of Bardarbunga volcano system, August 29, 2014. REUTERS/Marco Nescher
Bardarbunga (Bárðarbunga) is a large central volcano lying underneath Iceland's 500-m thick Vatnajokull glacier in the center of the country. It is located at the junction between the eastern and northern volcanic rift zones in the area where the present-day center of the mantle hot spot beneath Iceland is thought to be.
Bardarbunga has had about 300-400 eruptions during the past 10,000 years which includes only 23 eruptions historic times (approx the past 1000 years), i.e. it seems to erupt currently at rates of approx. twice per century, the last one having occurred in 1910. A massive explosive-effusive eruption in 1477 resulted in a large ash and pumice fall-out deposit.
